On the basis of using the improved method to recalculate the provincial human capital stock and total factor productivity in China, the regional technology gap variable is introduced, and the empirical study on the provincial human capital stock and regional technology gap in China from 1996 to 2016 The impact of total factor productivity. The results show that the role of human capital and regional technology gaps in total factor productivity, technological efficiency improvement, and technological progress has a process of mutual restraint and mutual promotion, which is a supplement to the conclusions of existing literature research.