Abstract:The difficulty in obtaining quality information has always been a major challenge for government quality governance. The development of big data technology also makes it possible to collect, process and dynamically update multi heterogeneous data. This article focuses on quality risk assessment based on big data, and proposes a data-driven quality risk assessment idea, systematically identifies the risk sources of five different modes: Supplying Risk, Running Risk, Admittance Risk, Credit Risk and Technology Risk. Through the scattered data in the Internet, it constructs the indicators of different modes of risk sources, and finally designs the data-driven product quality risk assessment system framework and verified by an example of product defect risk early warning. The research here provides useful Elicitation for the application of big data technology in quality risk assessment.