In order to explore the spatio-temporal coupling relationship between the cultivated land use efficiency and economic development in Guizhou, based on the existing research, the Karst Plateau area-Guizhou Province is used as the research object, and the stochastic frontier production function model is used to calculate the cultivated land use efficiency in the research area, and the focus is introduced. Models, geographic connection rates, geographic concentration, and coupling models reveal the spatiotemporal coupling relationship between cultivated land use efficiency and economic development in the study area. The results show that the overall level of cultivated land use efficiency in Guizhou Province is relatively high, and there is a small difference between actual output and potential output. There is a high coupling relationship between cultivated land use efficiency and economic development during the study period, and the spatial and temporal distribution is consistent It is strong; the improvement of cultivated land utilization efficiency can effectively promote the development of regional economy.