Based on the coupling mechanism of technology finance and high-quality economic development, this paper comprehensively evaluates the level of science and technology finance and high-quality economic development by using the relevant data of 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2017, and empirically analyzes the coupling and interactive development by combining the coupling coordination model and PVAR model. The findings are as follows: (1) the level of both technology finance and the high-quality economic development has improved significantly in 2008-2017. (2) the system coupling degree is between 0.32 and 0.79, showing a steady upward trend. In space, the Moran’s index shows M-type positive clustering, and most areas show the spatial characteristics of high- high or low-low clustering. (3) in terms of interaction, high-quality economic development plays a significant role in promoting technology finance, while the role of technology finance in promoting high-quality economic development still needs to be improved.