With the development of economy and more attention to the problem concerning agriculture , rural and peasants in recent years. the income of peasants increased rapidly. But because of its own factors and the institutional system, there are great distances between the central - western and the eastern regions in peasants' income. To improve peasants' income is the key to accomplish the task of building the whole nation's well -to-do society. This study carried out clustering analysis and differential analysis by SPSS software, and discussed the main factors of the difference between the central -western and east regions, and then it provided some suggestions to the main problems of presents.