Perceived supportive organizational climate helps stimulate employees' innovative thinking and enhance their initiative in innovation.This paper aims to study the mediating effect of feeling of self-determination and moderating role of distributive justice in the relationship between perceived supportive organizational climate and employees' proactive innovation behaviors, based on self-determination theory and equity theory. This study takes 378 employees from science and technology enterprises as the research objects and make a statistical analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaire survey. The results showed that :(1) Perceived supportive organizational climate has a significant impact on employees' proactive innovation behavior;(2) Perceived supportive organizational climate has a significant positive impact on the feeling of self-determination;(3) The feeling of self-determination fully mediates the relationship between perceived supportive organizational climate and employees' proactive innovation behaviors;(4) Distributive justice moderates the relationship between the feeling of self-determination and proactive innovation behaviors.