Promoting the low-carbon transformation of energy is the key to relieve the pressure of resources and environment, and to promote the sustainable and high-quality development of economy and society. Based on the theory of Socia-Technology transformation, this paper combines the multi-level perspective of Socia-Technology transformation with the method of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) from the perspective of collective thinking and configuration thinking, and based on the actual development of China''s energy system, studies and extracts seven antecedents including the three levels of landscape level, regime level and niche level. Then, taking the low-carbon transformation of energy as the outcome factor, taking 30 provinces and regions of China as the case, using the fsQCA method, empirical analysis is carried out, and the diversified factors configuration that affect the low-carbon transformation of energy in China is summarized and refined. Based on the regional differences between the north and the south, multiple low-carbon transformation modes of energy sources are constructed, and give coping tactics.