Abstract: it is an important and controversial topic that what kind of influence the family business intergenerational inheritance will bring to the enterprise innovation. From the perspective of human capital, this paper attempts to explore the important influence of the second generation of family business successors on the innovation behavior of enterprises. The results show that the second generation of family business successors are more inclined to encourage the innovation behavior of enterprises. This incentive is not only conducive to the increase of internal R & D investment, but also to the realization of enterprise extension innovation through capital operation. The above research conclusion weakens the endogenous problem and remains stable. The research findings of this paper provide theoretical verification for the intergenerational transmission and innovation of family business, and have certain enlightenment significance for the innovation practice and human capital management of family business.