The essence of innovation-driven is talent-driven. Based on the era of China's innovation-driven development, this paper takes the innovation efficiency of talents in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object. First, it uses the PCA-SDEA model to measure the innovation efficiency of talents in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2009 to 2018. Based on the calculation results, it uses a spatial convergence model. And spatial center of gravity model to analyze the spatial characteristics of talent innovation efficiency in the Yangtze River Eco-nomic Belt. The research results show that there is a large gap in talent innovation efficiency between provinces and regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu provinces are ahead of Sichuan, Yunnan, and other provinces and cities. The innovation efficiency gap of talents in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has no obvious convergence trend, and the catch-up effect of backward regions in the starting areas is not obvious. The focus of talent innovation efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is near Yueyang City, Hu-nan Province, and the spatial distribution pattern is characterized by north-south-west-south trend, and tends to diverge northward and polarize westward.