Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China, this paper constructs a semi-parametric spatial vector autoregressive model to explore the spatial-temporal transmission effect among economic growth, energy consumption and foreign direct investment and track the nonlinear effect of information and communication technology (ICT) with the help of spatial-temporal impulse response function and partial derivation graph. The study finds that: the response of FDI, economic growth and energy intensity to the shock from each other is apparent; energy intensity shows self-strengthening effect, spills over positive effect on economic development in neighbor provinces, and plays a conducive role in foreign capital inflows in the long term; economic development presents an unsustainable self-cumulative effect and positive spatial spillover onto the adjacent regions, but relates to energy intensity on the upward of U curve. Economic development and energy saving effects from FDI dominate in the long run, which is unlike negative effects in the short run that inhibit economic development and energy consumption reduction, and lack of demonstration effects to attract more large-scale inflow. ICT plays positive role in energy saving, production increasing and FDI drainage as a result of accumulative development, which carry on in the form of inverted-V and V curve respectively. While there is no effect in the primary stage. With the application of ICT, realization of intelligent and information-based business and production mode will contribute to the high-quality economic development of less energy input.