In recent years, with the rapid development of equity crowdfunding, its risk assessment and prevention problems in practical operation have attracted people''s attention. Based on this, this paper constructs the risk assessment index system of equity crowdfunding by principal component analysis, and then, does an empirical research by taking “Zhongtoubang” as an example by using BP neural network. The research conclusion has important theoretical and practical significance for risk assessment, prevention and control level of equity crowdfunding and financial risk prevention and control in China.