With the increasing scale of Chinese enterprises "outward direct investment, the issue of the influence of enterprises" outward direct investment on the production capacity of enterprises has become a key topic for scholars to study. This article is based on 2013-2018 corporate outbound direct investment data, using the propensity score matching method to further study the effect of outbound direct investment activities on the production capacity of Chinese companies. The study found that there is a significant causal relationship between FDI activities and the production capacity of enterprises. Whether in the short-term or long-term, foreign direct investment activities will have a positive effect on the production capacity of enterprises, and this effect will continue to increase with time. In addition, this article also divides the foreign direct investment activities into three categories. There are significant differences in the impact of different types of foreign direct investment activities on the production capacity of enterprises. The research conclusions of this article provide important reference and reference for promoting Chinese enterprises to carry out foreign direct investment activities and relevant government management departments to formulate management policies.