With the development of social economy, individuals attach more importance to the construction of career system, and leadership behavior, which is an organizational factor that affects employees’career development, has been explored more and more. Based on self-determination theory and individual-situational interaction theory, explores the role of differential leadership on employee career growth. A total of 432 valid research samples were collected through three rounds of questionnaire surveys spanning one year. The empirical research finds that :Differential leadership positively affects employees’career growth;Differential leadership had a positive impact on employee’s career growth through organization-based self-esteem and job crafting, namely, organization-based self-esteem and job crafting had multiple mediating roles between differential leadership and employee’s career growth; Career calling moderated the relationship between organization-based self-esteem and career growth, and also moderated the positive relationship between job crafting and career growth; Career calling positively moderates the mediating role of organization-based self-esteem and job crafting.