Innovation environment is one of the important factors in constructing a science and technology power. This paper constructs an evaluation index of innovation environment, and analyzes the China"s regional innovation environment and its shortcomings. The results show that China"s innovation environment is constantly improving with a regional disparity. Beijing is the best, and some developed eastern provinces enjoy obvious advantage in constructing innovation environment. China"s innovation environment is lack of diversity in innovative subjective, channels of collaborative innovation, supply of innovation, S T mechanism reform and scientific culture. To optimize the innovation environment, we should give play to the institutional advantage, improve the incentive mechanism of S T talents, accelerate the construction of efficient industry-university-research collaborative innovation alliance, enhance regional comparative advantages, and create high-quality innovation culture and so on.