Carbon neutrality is the strategic goal of China"s economic development and environmental governance, and emission reduction costs and emission reduction paths are two major practical issues in the implementation of this strategy. Based on the industry perspective, this paper uses input-output methods to study industry emission reduction costs, technological emission reduction effects and emission reduction paths. The basic conclusions are as follows:1) There is a big difference in the cost of abatement in the industry, and the overall cost of abatement is increasing year by year. In the three representative years, the difference between the highest and lowest abatement costs in the industry was between 40-60 times, and the absolute difference in abatement costs was 1500-3000$/t. Between 2000 and 2010, the cost of reducing emissions in the whole society increased by 56.98%. Except for one industry, the cost of reducing emissions in 32 industries has increased to varying degrees. 2)The contribution of technological progress to emission reduction is relatively large, but the effect of technological progress in emission reduction in some industries is limited. From 2000 to 2010, technological progress has reduced a total of 5.709 billion tons of emissions, and the cumulative technological reduction rate has reached 47.88%. In industries such as tourism, accommodation and catering, the rate of technological emission reduction is negative and the contribution of technological emission reduction is limited. 3)Industry emission reduction should follow the order from "high carbon" to "low carbon". Priority and key emission reduction industries are mainly concentrated in energy production, processing and manufacturing, transportation and other industries. Non-key emission reduction industries are mainly concentrated in industries such as traditional processing, manufacturing and service industries.