Under the background of economic integration, factor reward is an issue that must be considered for development. Based on the enterprise level, this paper studyed the impact and mechanism of global value chain Embeddedness and labor market segmentation on factor reward by constructing a panel fixed effect model. The results show that the embeddedness of global value chain and labor market segmentation are conducive to the improvement of enterprise labor remuneration, but have a negative impact on enterprise capital remuneration; Enterprise embeddedness in global value chain and labor market segmentation have a greater positive impact on the labor remuneration of capital intensive enterprises, but the capital remuneration of labor-intensive enterprises is more vulnerable to the negative impact of global value chain embeddedness. The capital remuneration of capital-intensive enterprises is more negatively affected by labor market segmentation. The impact of global value chain Embeddedness and labor market segmentation on non-state-owned enterprises is significantly greater than that of state-owned enterprises; Enterprises improve their labor remuneration and reduce their capital remuneration by increasing total factor productivity and asset growth rate, which is more obvious in capital intensive enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises.