In view of the relationship and research divergence between government procurement and firm innovation, the company''s innovation activities were divided by innovation chain, and 41 studies were conducted Meta-analysis. It was found that government procurement has a secondarily correlation with technology R&D, and a stronger correlation with the achievement transformation; financing constraints and signal transmission plays a part of the intermediary role in the relationship between government procurement and technology R&D, and the signal transmission partly mediates the relationship between government procurement and achievement transformation. The cultural background only negatively moderates the relationship between government procurement and technology R&D, and the type of industry has a positive moderation effect on this relationship; the status of GPA participant and its interaction with long-term orientation both positively moderate the relationship between government procurement and firm innovation; data characteristic negatively moderates the relationship between government procurement and firm innovation. The conclusions verify and expand related research, and provide references for firm innovation management and government procurement policy design.