This paper explores the impact of unbalanced efficiency of financial resource allocation on regional economic disparity. Based on the provincial data of China from 2001 to 2020, the financial resource allocation efficiency was measured. Dagum Gini coefficient was used to measure the spatial disequilibrium characteristics of financial efficiency. The effect of financial resource allocation efficiency on regional economic gap was investigated in the full sample period and different periods through the secondary assignment procedure (QAP). And try to explain the above results from the north-south perspective. The study shows that China''s financial resource allocation efficiency has obvious spatial imbalance characteristics, which is characterized by a "step" pattern of high south and low north distribution. The efficiency of national financial resource allocation has an obvious promoting effect on regional economic gap in both the full sample period and the phased study. There are differences in the impact intensity of financial resource allocation efficiency between the North and the south. Although the south enjoys the dividend of financial efficiency promoting economic coordinated development earlier, the impact intensity of financial efficiency is lower than that of the north on the whole.