At present，the research on the impact of organizational factors on bootlegging is relatively weak，and the existing research is more based on the organizational creative climate，while little attention is paid to the impact of error management climate. Based on social cognitive theory and the theory of purposeful work behavior，this study explores the influence of error management climate on employees'' bootlegging and the mechanism of its effect through a two-point study of 264 employees. The results showed that: error management climate positively influences employees'' bootlegging; innovation self-efficacy plays a part in mediating the relationship between error management climate and bootlegging; learning goal orientation not only positively regulates the relationship between error management climate and bootlegging; but also positively regulates the path of error management climate on employees'' bootlegging. The above findings open the "black box" of the relationship between error management climate and employees'' bootlegging，enrich the study of the factors influencing bootlegging，and expand the scope of application of the theory of purposeful work behavior.