移动互联网使用对女性非农就业和收入的影响研究
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中国科协创新战略研究院

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F49;D669.68

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Research on the Impact of Mobile Internet Use on Women’s Non-agricultural Employment and Income
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National Academy of Innovation Strategy, CAST

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    摘要:

    移动互联网等数字技术的发展对实现充分就业具有重要作用,促进女性就业和创业是实现充分就业的必要前提。本文基于 2019 年中国家庭金融调查数据,研究了移动互联网的使用对女性非农就业、收入和性别工资差距的影响。研究发现,移动互联网使用促进了女性非农就业,显著缩小了与男性的就业差距。使用 Heckman 两步法和工具变量法克服内生性问题后的结果表明,移动互联网使用显著促进了女性收入的提高,且这种促进作用偏向于女性,缩小了与男性的收入差距。替换被解释变量后上述结论依然稳健。异质性分析发现,相比于从事受雇工作,移动互联网使用对女性创业的促进作用更强;但对已经就业的女性,移动互联网使用显著提升了受雇者的收入,未能显著增加创业者的收入。结论认为,为持续提高女性就业和收入,需要进一步加强移动互联网基础设施建设、转变传统的性别观念以及增强互联网对人力资本投资的作用。

    Abstract:

    The development of digital technologies such as mobile internet plays an important role in achieving full employment, and promoting women’s employment and entrepreneurship is a necessary prerequisite for achieving full employment.Based on the Survey of China''s Household Finance(CHFS) in 2019, the influence of mobile Internet access on women''s non-agricultural employment and gender wage gap was analyzed. The results show that the use of mobile Internet which was symbolized by smart phones prompts women''s non-agricultural employment and significantly narrows the gender employment gap. After using Heckman''s two-step method and instrumental variable method to overcome endogenous problems, the results show that the use of smart phones has significantly promoted the increase of women''s income, and this promotion is biased towards women, narrowing the income gap with men. The above conclusions are still robust after replacing the explained variables. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the use of smart phones has a stronger role in promoting women''s entrepreneurship than employment; However, for women who have already worked, the use of smart phones has significantly increased the income of employees and failed to significantly increase the income of entrepreneurs. The conclusion is that in order to continuously improve women''s employment and income, it is necessary to further strengthen the construction of mobile internet infrastructure,transform traditional gender concepts, and enhance the role of the internet in human capital investment.

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石磊,普丽娜,李金雨.移动互联网使用对女性非农就业和收入的影响研究[J].技术经济,2023,42(11):191-200.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-05
  • 最后修改日期:2023-11-16
  • 录用日期:2023-09-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-12-08
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