The disruptive technology innovation has become an important way for Chinese equipment manufacturing enterprises to get rid of external dependence and realize intelligent transformation. However, the mechanism of intelligent transformation through disruptive technology innovation is not clear. Based on the relevant researches and actual cases, six key influencing factors including “dual organizational structure” were condensed from the level of technological disruption, technological application and organizational guarantee. Combining necessary condition analysis (NCA) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), the paper brought the impact of these factors in the process of intelligent transformation based disruptive technology innovation into a common analysis framework in order to explore the necessary condition and the mechanism of the configuration with 20 typical equipment manufacturing companies as research samples. It is found that: ①Dual organizational structure is the main driving force for the equipment manufacturing industry to realize intelligent transformation through disruptive technology innovation. ②Two approaches named “Technological Trajectory Transition” (S1) and “Innovative Application of Scenarios” (S2) to realize the intelligent transformation are obtained. ③There is a reciprocal relationship between “technology transition” and “scenario-based innovation”, as well as a reciprocal relationship between “cross-border technical cooperation” and the combination of “ahead of the layout” and “lack of scenario-based innovation” under certain conditions.