In the context of globalization, stakeholders play an increasingly crucial role in the operation and development of enterprises, which in turn has a significant impact on leader’s cognition and leadership style. Previous studies have focused on the impact of stakeholder orientation on corporate performance, while individual-level research is relatively scarce. Based on social learning theory, a matched sample of 63 executives and their 225 direct subordinates were used to explore how the stakeholder orientation of top-level managers affected the positive behavior of subordinates. The results indicate that the stakeholder orientation of superiors can stimulate the prosocial motivation of subordinate managers, thereby promoting their responsible leadership behavior and responsible innovation; and perceived authenticity regulates the relationship between stakeholder orientation and subordinate prosocial motivation, as well as the indirect impact of stakeholder orientation on subordinates’ responsible leadership behavior and responsible innovation through subordinates’ prosocial motivation.