On the basis of constructing a theoretical model of factor distortion and export market, this article analyzes the effects of capital, labor force, and overall factor distortion on the export survival status of manufacturing enterprises. The empirical analysis of this paper shows that factor distortion has a strong explanation for enterprises" export survival state, and also indicates that the frequent exit and entry of manufacturing enterprises in China"s export market is partly due to the difference in factor allocation efficiency among enterprises caused by the imperfection of domestic factor market. Among them, capital distortion has a negative impact on the duration of enterprises" participation in export market, while labor distortion has a positive impact. Capital distortions have a slightly greater negative impact on the duration of firm-destination trading partners than labor distortions. Although capital distortion is beneficial to prolong the duration of enterprise-product to some extent, labor distortion has a greater negative impact, and overall factor distortion has a negative impact on the survival of enterprise-product export.