Digital transformation serves as a crucial catalyst for enterprises seeking to attain a competitive edge and fostering green, high-quality development. Yet, the existing research on the nexus between digital transformation and green innovation grapples with several challenges, including a focus on singular mechanisms and obscured causal pathways, yielding disparate findings across studies. Leveraging the Technological-Organizational-Environmental (TOE) framework, this study synthesizes 41 empirical documents and 42 effect values drawn from 71,266 independent samples. Employing meta-analysis techniques, it scrutinizes the relationship between digital transformation and green innovation across technical, organizational, and environmental dimensions, further probing the moderating impact of relevant variables. The findings reveal: (1) a robust correlation between digital transformation and green innovation, with all dimensions—technological, organizational, and environmental—exerting significant positive influences on the latter; (2) Notably, digital transformation"s impact on green innovation is more pronounced within enterprises rooted in Western cultural contexts; (3) The subjective measurement of green innovation amplifies the observed influence of digital transformation; (4) Moreover, higher levels of green orientation heighten the efficacy of digital transformation in driving green innovation. This study augments and refines existing literature, offering valuable insights for future vertical and contextual inquiries. Furthermore, it furnishes managerial foundations for advancing green innovation within enterprises amid the era of digital transformation.