Against the backdrop of the profound reconfiguration of global value chains and the binding constraints of the “dual carbon” goals, examining how the opening of digital services trade can empower the greening of supply chains is of considerable theoretical and practical significance. As a key frontier of China’s new round of high-standard opening-up, digital services trade liberalization warrants systematic empirical scrutiny regarding its capacity to facilitate green supply chain transformation at the firm level. Drawing on data from Chinese listed companies from 2014 to 2023, the OECD digital services trade restrictiveness index with input-output tables were integrated to construct a multidimensional index of digital services trade openness that captures both inter-industry linkages and the depth of liberalization. It further measures the level of supply chain greening across three dimensions—environmental, operational, and economic performance—and empirically tests the relationship between the two. The results show that digital services trade openness significantly enhances firms’ supply chain greening, a conclusion that remains robust after addressing endogeneity concerns and conducting a battery of robustness checks. Mechanism analysis indicates that digital services trade openness reshapes the green ecosystem mainly through three channels: strengthening digital governance, optimizing the allocation of supply chain resources, and promoting international expansion. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the green- empowerment effect is more pronounced among growth-stage firms, firms with stronger transformation willingness, and firms whose executives possess overseas backgrounds. It also exhibits a positive dependence on industry technological attributes, as well as regional service-sector development and digital infrastructure. Further analysis finds that digital services trade openness strengthens supply chain resilience and security through the greening pathway, thereby providing micro-level evidence and policy implications for jointly advancing the “green” and “secure” goals of supply chains.