| 摘要: |
| 为明确长期围栏封育对新疆亚高山草原土壤理化性质的影响，本研究以巴音布鲁克草原围封26年的高寒草甸、高寒草甸草原和高寒草原为研究对象，对三种类型草地围栏内外土壤理化性质进行对比分析，结果表明：（1）高寒草甸和高寒草原围栏内表层土壤饱和含水量、田间持水量和土壤含水量均高于围栏外样地，而土壤容重均低于围栏外，其中高寒草甸围栏内外的田间持水量、土壤含水量和土壤容重的差异达到显著水平；（2）高寒草甸围栏内表层土壤有机质含量显著高于围栏外，全氮则显著低于围栏外；三种类型草地围栏内表层土壤全磷含量均低于围栏外；（3）相关性分析表明，土壤含水量高的草地，其饱和含水量和田间持水量也较高，土壤容重较小；土壤容重高的草地其有机质含量较低；速效钾含量高的草地，其全磷含量也较高。围栏封育有利于草地土壤理化性质的恢复，但长时间围封会降低土壤磷素含量，需要通过施肥等管理措施补充以促进草地生态系统保持良性状态，本研究对草地土壤质量调控和退化草地恢复研究具有参考意义。 |
| 关键词: 围栏封育 巴音布鲁克草原 土壤物理性质 土壤化学性质 磷 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE201605007 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE201605007 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:新疆草地资源与生态自治区重点实验室开放课题（XJDX0209-2013-05)；国家自然科学基金项目（41671269，41501255）；中国科学院西部之光项目 |
| 英文基金项目:Open Project funded by Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resource and Ecology (XJDX0209-2013-05); National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671269, 41501255); West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| Effects of enclosure on soil physical and chemical properties of Bayanbulak Subalpine Steppe |
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SU Jianhong, ZHU Xinping, JIA Hongtao, ZHOU Jianqin, WANG Yi, LI Chunyue1,2,3
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1. College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;2. Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China;3. College of Tourism and Environment Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Xinjiang is China’s third prairie provinces and its natural grassland is about 5.7×107 hm2. Bayanbulak grassland located in Middle Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, with an area of about 2.2×106 hm2, is the second largest grassland in China. Bayinbuluke grassland plays an important role in maintaining the Kaidu River basin ecological environment and southern Tarim Basin Water Resources security. Bayinbuluke grassland degradation is serious for the long-term extensive management, overgrazing and indiscriminate reclamation. To evaluate the effects of fencing enclosure to restore the degraded grassland, soil physical and chemical properties inside and outside 26 a history fences in alpine meadow, alpine meadow steppe and alpine steppe were analyzed. Materials and methods Three parallel soil samples were collected at the inside and outside fence area at 0 — 20 cm. Soil bulk density, saturated water content, field capacity were tested by cutting ring method. Soil moisture was tested by 105℃ oven drying method. Organic matter was determined by potassium dichromate heating method. Total nitrogen was tested by Kjeldahl’s method. Total phosphorus was analyzed by Mo-Sb colorimetric method. Soil potassium was tested by flame spectrophotometric method. Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen was analyzed by alkali N-proliferation method. Available potassium was tested by flame spectrophotometric method. Results The results showed as follows: (1) Saturated water content, field capacity and soil moisture were higher inside the alpine meadow and alpine steppe fence; soil bulk density was lower than outside. The differences of field capacity, soil moisture and soil bulk density between inside and outside the fence were significant at alpine meadow. (2) Soil organic matter inside the fence of alpine meadow was significantly higher than outside whereas soil nitrogen was significantly lower. Soil phosphorus inside the alpine meadow, alpine meadow steppe and alpine steppe sites was lower than outside. (3) The site has a higher soil moisture also has a higher saturated water content and field capacity, and a lower bulk density. The higher bulk density soil has a lower soil organic matter content. The soil has higher available potassium also has higher total phosphorus. Discussion The results showed that fencing grassland is a benefit management scheme to soil physical and soil chemical properties recovery, but long time enclosure reduces soil phosphorus content. Therefore, the right management should carry out to maintain the fencing grassland ecosystem sustainable development. Conclusions The result shows that soil physical and soil chemical properties were recovery after the grassland was fenced. The phosphorus need supplemented by fertilization to promote the grassland ecological system maintains healthy state. Recommendations and perspectives This research provides a significant scientific basis for grassland soil quality control and degraded grassland restoration. It is recommended that fencing enclosure is an effective method to recovery the degraded alpine grassland in Xinjiang. Phosphorus fertilization should be considered in the fencing area. |
| Key words: enclosure Bayanbulak Subalpine Steppe soil physical property soil chemical property phosphorus |
