| 引用本文: | 宋杰，周学华，邵千益，王秀亮，巩伟，董扬震，温秀芬，
唐淑婷，雒园园，王文兴.2022.2017年华北平原采暖季和非采暖季道路PM10污染特征和健康风险评估——以济南市为例[J].地球环境学报,13(6):732-745 |
| SONG Jie, ZHOU Xuehua, SHAO Qianyi, WANG Xiuliang, GONG Wei, DONG Yangzhen, WEN Xiufen,
TANG Shuting, LUO Yuanyuan, WANG Wenxing.2022.Near-road PM10 in the non-heating and heating periods in Jinan in the North China Plain in 2017: pollution characteristics and health risk assessment[J].Journal of Earth Environment,13(6):732-745 |
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| 摘要: |
| 由于污染程度较重和其所携带的大量毒性成分，大气颗粒物对人体健康具有重要影响。根据济南市51个道路颗粒物监测点PM10数据，讨论了采暖季和非采暖季道路PM10的浓度水平和健康风险。结果表明：（1）道路PM10的平均浓度是城市背景站点的1.5倍，道路PM10浓度水平主要受车流量和道路施工活动的影响。由于燃煤量的增加，采暖季的PM10平均浓度是非采暖季的1.3倍。（2）从空间变化来看，这些道路站点可以分为三类，其中第二类由于受建筑活动和交通源影响，PM10浓度最高，第一类由于具有绿化带和好的周围环境，PM10浓度最低。（3）从时间变化来看，在非采暖季，周六浓度最高，周二浓度最低；在采暖季，周四浓度最高，周六和周二浓度最低。PM10较高浓度出现在早晚，与交通源密切相关。（4）除了非采暖季PM10对成年人没有健康风险，其他情况下，PM10均有健康风险。 |
| 关键词: 时空变化 道路PM10 非采暖季 采暖季 风险评估 济南 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE222034 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE222034 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（21507070，91544213） |
| 英文基金项目:National Natural Science Foundation of China (21507070, 91544213) |
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| Near-road PM10 in the non-heating and heating periods in Jinan in the North China Plain in 2017: pollution characteristics and health risk assessment |
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SONG Jie, ZHOU Xuehua, SHAO Qianyi, WANG Xiuliang, GONG Wei, DONG Yangzhen, WEN Xiufen,
TANG Shuting, LUO Yuanyuan, WANG Wenxing
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1. Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
2. Shandong Institute of Atmospheric Environment Science Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China
3. Jinan Dongzhilin Intelligent Software Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China
4. Zhangqiu Branch of Jinan Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Jinan 250200, China
5. Jinan Municipal Statistics Bureau, Jinan 250099, China
6. Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Atmospheric particles in the environment may have negative influences on human health depending on their toxicity and concentrations. Traffic-related particles greatly contribute to urban air pollution with the increase in vehicles. Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, is a typical city in the North China Plain. It has an area of 7998 km2 and a population of 6.44 million. Based on the measurement from Jinan Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, PM10 and PM2.5 were usually the primary pollutants which exceeded the Grade Ⅱ standard (35.0 µg·m−3 for PM2.5 and 70.0 µg·m−3 for PM10 in GB 3095—2012, ambient air quality standards) 0.9 and 0.8 times in 2017, respectively. This study aimed to (1) explore general pollution features of near-road PM10 on various types of roadsides during the non-heating and heating periods; (2) assess the health risk of near-road PM10 in the non-heating and heating periods in Jinan City in the North China Plain. Materials and methods Near-road PM10 concentrations were collected at 51 online monitoring roadside sites in five districts of Jinan. Hourly data were collected during two periods: October (non-heating period) and November 15 to December 15, 2017 (heating period). The spatial and temporal variations of near-road PM10 were investigated and risk assessment was carried out based on the supplemental guidance for inhalation risk assessment (Part F) from US Environmental Protection Agency. Results The results showed that the near-road PM10 concentration was 187.0 µg·m−3, which was 1.5 times of that at the urban comparison site. In addition, PM10 concentration in the heating period was 1.3 times of that in the non-heating period. In the city, all roadside sites may be divided into three types based on their surroundings. The concentration of near-road PM10 was the lowest in Type Ⅰ, followed by Type Ⅲ and Type Ⅱ, in the non-heating and heating periods. In temporal variation, the weekly patterns of near-road PM10 exhibited the highest PM10 levels on Saturday in contrast to the lowest concentrations on Tuesday in the non-heating period. In the heating period, the highest concentrations happened on Thursday and the lowest concentrations occurred on Tuesday and Saturday. The diurnal variation showed the peaks at 06∶00/07∶00/08∶00 and 19∶00/20∶00. In the observation, all HQ values of PM10 were beyond 1 except for adult during the non-heating period, indicating potential risk of cancer. Discussion The near-road PM10 concentration was higher than that at the urban compared location, meaning the significant influence of traffic-related emissions on PM10. In addition, increased coal consumption in the heating period resulted in greater PM10 concentrations. The combination of construction activities and traffic emissions in Type Ⅱ contributed to the highest near-road PM10 concentration among three types of roadside sites. The diurnal variation showed that the highest values were observed mainly from private cars during rush hours in the morning and afternoon, and from trucks at night due to the increased traffic volume. Conclusions Coal combustion in winter was a crucial factor leading to increased PM10 levels in Jinan. Highest PM10 concentration was observed in Type Ⅱ. Private cars in the day and trucks at night were the main contributors to the elevated near-road PM10. Risk assessments revealed that the risk of posed by PM10 for human health was beyond the accepted level. Recommendations and perspective These findings offer an insight into near-road particles and their health risk in Jinan, and provide a foundation for the establishment of control measures. |
| Key words: spatial-temporal variation near-road PM10 non-heating period heating period risk assessment Jinan |
