| 摘要: |
| 全球气候变暖背景下，我国的降水分布日趋复杂，气象灾害造成的损失巨大。为满足防灾减灾与水资源管理的数据支撑需求，基于长江上游重庆段近20 a降水数据，利用线性回归、M-K非参数检验等方法，探究降水的时间变化趋势与空间分异特征。结果表明：近20 a重庆市年降水量在875.6—1348.2 mm。时间上，春、秋两季呈明显增多的趋势，其中3月最显著。降水在14 a时间尺度的周期过程线中波动最强，是第一主周期。空间分布上，呈西低东高的特点，在渝西和长江河谷地区降水相对偏少，主要受重庆地形的影响；渝西和渝东北地区秋季降水显著增多。研究结果可为长江流域旱涝灾害防治、水资源开发利用及经济社会可持续发展提供数据支撑，同时可为植被修复与生态廊道保障提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 长江上游 降水时空变化 地形复杂区 重庆市 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE232021 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE232021 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:“一带一路”水与可持续发展科技基金（2021490211）；重庆市高校创新研究群体（CXQT20015）；重庆师范大学基金项目（19XL13011） |
| 英文基金项目:The Belt and Road Special Fund on Water and Sustainability (2021490211); Chongqing University Innovation Research Group (CXQT20015); Chongqing Normal University Fund Project (19XL13011) |
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| Spatiotemporal variation of precipitation and its environmental response in the Chongqing section of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the last 20 years |
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ZENG Chunfen, CHEN Yujie, YANG Qi, FANG Dexian
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1. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 401331, China
2. School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
3. Yubei Meteorological Bureau, Chongqing 401120, China
4. Chongqing Weather Modification Office, Chongqing 401147, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Under the background of global warming, the distribution of precipitation in different regions of China is complex, therefore, it is difficult to forecast meteorological disasters, which cause tremendous socio-economic and ecological losses, based on historical weather data. Furthermore, determining the distribution of precipitation in an area with complex terrain is problematic. To meet the urgent needs of meteorological disaster prevention and reduction and management of water resources, this study analyzes the temporal variation trend and spatial differentiation characteristics of precipitation in Chongqing from the aspects of variation trend, mutation points, and periodicity through data processing. Materials and methods Based on the monthly precipitation data of 34 meteorological stations provided by the Chongqing Climate Center for the period from 2000 to 2019, the four seasons were divided according to the general seasonal division principle in Chongqing. Using linear regression, the M-K nonparametric test, the Morlet small wave function, and Kriging interpolation, the precipitation data of Chongqing since 2000 were sorted and analyzed. Results From 2000 to 2019, Chongqing’s annual precipitation ranged from 875.6 mm to 1348.2 mm. The temporal analysis showed that there was an obvious increasing trend in spring and autumn and that March was the most significant. The annual and seasonal precipitation fluctuated the most in the 14 a time scale cycle, which was the first main cycle. The spatial distribution was low in the west and high in the east. Discussion In the last 20 years, the precipitation in western Chongqing and the Yangtze River Valley has been relatively low, which is mainly affected by the topography of Chongqing. Autumn precipitation increased significantly in western Chongqing and northeast Chongqing. The overall precipitation trend shifted from a decline to an increase in 2013. Although summer precipitation accounted for more than that received for the entire year, there was a decreasing trend in precipitation. The increasing trend of precipitation in spring and autumn was obvious. Specifically, the increasing trend reached a significant level of 0.05 in autumn. Winter precipitation was the least, and the trend was slightly lower. Conclusions The overall variation of precipitation in Chongqing was characterized by seasonal variations, uneven spatial distribution, and significant local differences. The decisive factor was monsoon circulation, and the influencing factors included temperature, topographic and geomorphic features, and the Three Gorges Reservoir. Recommendations and perspectives The spatiotemporal variations of precipitation in Chongqing are summarized and discussed in depth. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for local drought and flood disaster prevention, exploitation and utilization of water resources, and sustainable economic and social development. |
| Key words: upper reaches of the Yangtze River spatiotemporal variations of precipitation complex terrain area Chongqing |
