| 摘要: |
| 长江下游地区是稻作农业的主要起源地之一。然而，水稻对长江下游新石器时代人群饮食的贡献程度仍不清晰。稳定同位素混合模型能够量化揭示长江下游地区史前人群的摄食策略。系统收集长江下游地区已发表的人骨、动物骨和植物稳定碳氮同位素数据，基于稳定同位素混合模型，对长江下游地区新石器时代人群的摄食策略进行研究。结果发现：距今7.0—5.3 ka长江下游地区人群可能摄食多种动植物资源，该时期水稻对人类饮食的贡献与其他植物资源基本相当。距今5.3—4.3 ka，水稻已超过其他动植物资源，成为美人地遗址人群的主要食物资源。研究揭示了长江下游新石器时代文明化进程与稻作农业发展具有同步性，狩猎采集经济则为该区域文明化进程起到基础支撑作用。 |
| 关键词: 长江下游地区 水稻 摄食策略 稳定同位素混合模型 文明化进程 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE232028 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE232028 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42201169，42101152）；江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20210656，BK20210658，BK20221027） |
| 英文基金项目:National Natural Science Foundation of China (42201169, 42101152); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20210656, BK20210658, BK20221027) |
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| Dietary strategy of neolithic population in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River revealed by stable isotope mixed model |
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WANG Wei, LI Haiming, DUAN Futao
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1. Institute of Sci-Tech History & Meteorological Civilization, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210000, China
2. College of Humanities & Social Development / Institution of Chinese Agricultural Civilization /Agricultural Archaeology Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope The lower reaches of the Yangtze River are one of the main areas for the origins of rice cultivation. However, the contributions of rice and other food resources to the diet of the ancient population in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River is still poorly understood. We used a stable isotope mixed model to quantitatively reveal the contributions of potential foodstuffs, including rice, to the diet of neolithic populations in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Materials and methods In this work, we collected stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic data from human bones, animal bones, and plants in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Based on the Bayesian stable isotope mixed model, the dietary components of the neolithic population in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River were studied. Results The stable isotopic values of human bones in the lower Yangtze River fell within the stable isotopic region for potential food sources, indicating that important food sources that humans likely consumed were considered in this study and that no important food sources were omitted. Human populations from different periods had different dietary compositions in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Discussion During 7.0—5.3 ka BP, the human population in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River may have consumed a variety of animal and plant resources. During this period, the contribution of rice crops to the human diet was basically equivalent to that of other wild plant resources. During 5.3—4.3 ka BP, the contribution of rice crops exceeded that of other wild plant and animal resources, becoming the main food resource of the Meirendi population. In addition, we found obvious differences in the dietary components of human populations belonging to the same culture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, such as the Hemudu Culture and Liangzhu Culture. Conclusions The neolithic civilization process in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River coincided with the development of rice cultivation. In addition to rice cultivation, hunting and gathering also played a basic role in the development of neolithic civilization in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Recommendations and perspectives Compared with stable isotopic studies of human and animal bones in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, stable isotopic studies of plant remains are very limited. It is necessary to carry out stable isotopic studies of plant remains, including rice, from different sites in the future, which will provide accurate data for the application of stable isotope models. |
| Key words: the lower reaches of Yangtze River rice dietary strategy stable isotope mixing model the process of civilization |
