| 引用本文: | 侯文星,张鐥文,王丽丽,杨冉,赵文吉.2025.潮白河北京段绿地变化特征及驱动因素分析[J].地球环境学报,16(1):77-88 |
| HOU Wenxing,ZHANG Shanwen,WANG Lili,YANG Ran,ZHAO Wenji.2025.Analysis on variation characteristics and driving factors of green space in Beijing section of Chaobai River[J].Journal of Earth Environment,16(1):77-88 |
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| 摘要: |
| 潮白河作为北京市重要水源之一，对其生态进行合理规划和有效治理不可或缺。近年来北京市引水工程和造林计划对潮白河流域生态发展发挥重要作用，潮白河绿地空间格局也产生变化。研究近几年北京市内潮白河流域的绿色空间变化特征，对加强首都环境保护和巩固生态屏障，完善北京市域绿色空间结构意义重大。基于2015—2020年Sentinel-2A遥感数据，结合面向对象分类、景观格局指数和灰度关联分析等方法，从量化规模和空间格局的角度对北京市域内潮白河绿地的变化特征进行分析，并探讨潮白河流域绿地空间变化与不同因素的关联度情况。结果表明：（1）潮白河流域绿地面积明显增加，由2015年的26740.79 hm2增至2020年的29727.49 hm2，绿地面积规模提升了11.17%。各区域空间上距离潮白河越近，绿地面积规模提升幅度越大。其中怀柔段绿地规模提升幅度最大，变化率为25.61%。（2）2015—2020年，潮白河流域斑块数量（NP）、斑块密度（PD）及形状指数（LSI）有所下降，区域绿地斑块破碎化程度减弱，绿地“斑块”呈现向“廊道”转变的趋势；区域绿地斑块聚合度指数（AI）提升了1.49，潮白河流域绿地斑块整体呈现面积规模上扩大、空间分布上聚集的特征。（3）自然因素对潮白河流域绿地变化的贡献程度高于社会因素，其中地表温度和地下水指标与潮白河区域绿地变化关联度较高，均为0.872，是影响潮白河区域绿地空间演变的重要驱动力。 |
| 关键词: 绿地变化 面向对象 景观格局 灰色关联分析 潮白河 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE232004 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42071422） |
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| Analysis on variation characteristics and driving factors of green space in Beijing section of Chaobai River |
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HOU Wenxing, ZHANG Shanwen, WANG Lili, YANG Ran, ZHAO Wenji*
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College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope As one of the important water sources in Beijing, the Chaobai River is indispensable for rational planning and effective management of its ecology. In recent years, Beijing’s water diversion projects and afforestation programs have important impacts on the ecological development of the Chaobai River Basin, and changes in the spatial pattern of green space in the Chaobai River have occurred. This study aims to delineate the recent transformations in the green space within the Chaobai River Basin in Beijing. Utilizing remote sensing technologies and spatial analysis, we aim to discern patterns of change, evaluate the ecological implications, and assess the efficacy of previous interventions. The expected outcomes of this research are anticipated to yield valuable insights into the dynamics of green space within the Chaobai River Basin. Moreover, this study will offer a replicable framework for evaluating green space changes in other urban basins, bolstering broader environmental conservation endeavors. By pinpointing areas that necessitate targeted interventions, this research will assist in augmenting ecological resilience and promoting biodiversity within the basin, thereby ensuring the long-term sustainability of this vital resource for Beijing. Materials and methods Based on the Sentinel-2A remote sensing data from 2015 to 2020, we used object-oriented classification method to extract green space information within the study area. At the same time, we analyzed the change characteristics of Chaobai River green space in Beijing from the perspective of quantitative scale and spatial pattern. In addition, this paper investigates the correlation between the spatial variation of green space and different factors in the Chaobai River Basin, using a gray correlation analysis that combines meteorological and economic data from recent years. Results The results show that during 2015—2020, (1) the green space area in the Chaobai River Basin has increased significantly, from 26740.79 hm2 to 29727.49 hm2, and the scale of green space increased by 11.17%. The closer the region is to the Chaobai River in space, the greater the increase in the scale of green space. Among them, the scale of green space in Huairou section increased the most, with a change rate of 25.61%. (2) The number of patches, patch density and shape index in the Chaobai River Basin decreased, the fragmentation degree of regional green patches weakened, and the green patches showed a trend of changing to corridors. The aggregation index of regional green patches increased by 1.49. The green space patches in the Chaobai River Basin show the characteristics of expansion in area scale and aggregation in spatial distribution, and the regional green space patch aggregation index has a tendency to increase, and the stability of regional green space is enhanced. (3) The contribution of natural factors to the change of green space in the Chaobai River Basin is higher than that of social factors. Among them, the surface temperature and groundwater indicators have a high correlation with the change of green space in the Chaobai River Basin, both of which are 0.872, which is an important driving force affecting the spatial evolution of green space in the Chaobai River Basin. Discussion Our findings show that the green space in Beijing section of Chaobai River has changed significantly in quantitative scale and spatial pattern in recent years. From 2015 to 2020, the ecological green space in Chaobai River Basin has been improved as a whole. However, due to the great difference in water quantity in different areas of Chaobai River, human activities, social development, natural climate and other factors have different degrees of influence on the green space of Chaobai River. The characteristics of green space change in different regions are influenced differently by local social and natural factors, among which the Huairou section of the Chaobai River has the most obvious change in green space area and the largest growth rate during 2015—2020, while the spatial change of green space in other regions is more stable. The driving factors of green space change in the study area are mostly natural factors, such as temperature, humidity, etc. However, the influence of social factors such as urban expansion and economic development on it is often ignored, and the principle of harmonious development between man and nature should always be upheld. We suggest that the relevant government departments gradually improve the green development space planning of Chaobai River, which combine with ecological water replenishment and afforestation plan, so as to make up for the green gap in Chaobai River Basin and create a coordinated ecological development space. Conclusions (1) By 2020, the green space in the study area tends to be improved, and the green space area growth areas are concentrated on both sides of the Chaobai River, and the green space of the nearby residential land still needs to be strengthened. (2) The stability of green space distribution in the Chaobai River Basin has been strengthened, which is inseparable from a series of afforestation programs and water diversion projects carried out by the government. (3) The influence of natural factors on the green space of Chaobai River is gradually in a dominant role. Recommendations and perspectives This study has theoretical significance for our understanding of the spatial change characteristics and driving forces of green space in the Beijing section of the Chaobai River Basin; it can provide decision support and data support for the construction of ecological corridors in Beijing. |
| Key words: greenland changes object oriented landscape pattern grey relational analysis Chaobai River |
